Botryobasidium subcoronatum
(v. HÖHN. & LITSCH.) DONK 1931, Meded. Nederl. Mycol. Vereen. 18-20: 117.
Basionym: Corticium subcoronatum v. HÖHN. & LITSCH. 1907, Sitz.-ber. K. Ak. Wiss. Wien, Math.-nat. Kl. 116: 822.
Synonym: Pellicularia subcoronata (v. HÖHN. & LITSCH.) ROGERS 1943, Farlowia 1: 104.
Select illustrations:
![[image]](subcor1i.gif)
![[image]](subcor2i.gif)
![[image]](subcor3i.gif)
Original description: "Pilz ausgebreitet, zarte, schimmelartige, krümelige flockige bis dünnhäutige, am Rande gleichartige oder allmählich verlaufende, aus locker verflochtenen Hyphen bestehende, schmutzig weiße bis gelbliche, dem Substrate locker anhaftende Überzüge bildend. Hyphen stark rechtwinklig verzweigt, häufig anastomosierend, ziemlich zartwandig, glatt, farblos, oder schwach gelblich, mit zahlreichen sehr typisch ausgebildeten Schnallen an den Septen; subhymeniale Hyphen 4-6 µm, basale bis 10 µm dick. Hymenium nicht geschlossen. Basidien keulenförmig bis fast zylindrisch, 16-18 µm lang and 6-8 µm breit, mit 4-6 Sterigmata. Sterigmata pfriemenförmig, gerade oder etwas gebogen, 4 bis 5 µm lang. Sporen zum Teil breit ellipsoidisch oder zylindrisch, an einer Seite abgeflacht, stets nach unten zugespitzt, zum Teil fast mandelförmig oder bauchig spindelig, farblos, zartwandig, glatt 5-7 µm lang, 2,5 bis 3,5 µm breit. Inhalt gleichmäßig oder mit einem oder mehreren Öltröpfchen."
The original description is based on the following material:
Austria, Wienerwald, Rekawinkel, leg. v. Höhnel.
Germany, Berlin, Wannsee on rotten wood and rotten bark, on Polyporus sp., leg. Sydow
Germany, Lengerich, leg. Brinkmann.
Macromorphology:
Basidiocarp of voucher GEL 2160 on an old Polypore.
- Teleomorph:
- Basidiocarp hypochnoid, white to cream-coloured, later yellowish to ochraceous.
Micromorphology:
- Spores:
- 6.5-8 x 2.5-3-(3.5) µm, average of GEL 2061 = 7.40 x 2.95 µm.
navicular, hyaline, thin-walled, inamyloid, mostly uninuclear
- Basidia:
- (10)-20-25-(30) x 7-9 µm, 6-(8)-spored, suburniform, clearly waisted, each with a basalclamp, X of GEL 2061 = 23.5 x 8.00 µm.
- Sterigmata:
- very narrow, mature ca. 5 µm long, basal ca. 1 µm broad.
- Cystidia:
- none.
- Clamps:
- present at all septa.
- Hyphae:
- Clamps exist constantly on all septa, no polifications of clamps. Basalhyphae 7-10 µm in diameter, slightly yellowish, slightly thick-walled, wall thickness up to 0.5 µm. Ascendent subhymenial and hymenial hyphae 5-8 µm in diameter, hyaline.
- Chlamydospores:
- none.
- Anamorph:
- unknown.
- Secondary mycelium:
- binuclear.
- Sexuality:
- heterothallic tetrapolar.
- septal pore:
- dolipore with continuous parenthesomes.
- similar species:
- Botryobasidium olivaceum, B. arachnoideum.
Habitate and Substrate
For the whole species complex around B. subcoronatum it is possible to assume a cosmopolitan distribution with a big spectrum of subtrates. The species occures as well on gymnosperms and angiosperms wood as on dead basidiocarps, mainly of Polyporaceae.
Biogeography
Africa; Tanzania, Kenia, Malawi: (fide HJORTSTAM 1983).
Argentinia, Tierra del Fuego: (fide HJORTSTAM & RYVARDEN 1985).
Australia: Pinus radiata, Holz (fide CUNNINGHAM 1963); Tasmania: (fide CUNNINGHAM 1963).
Brazil: (fide Rick 1959).
Costa Rica: Holz (G. LANGER ibidem).
Germany: (fide ROGERS 1943); mostly on wood of conifers , rarely on deciduous (fide Grosse-Brauckmann 1990); Baden-Württemberg: Fagus sylvatica, Picea abies, Pinus sylvestris ; Bayern: Alnus glutinosa, Picea abies, Pinus mugo (G. LANGER ibidem).
GUS: Nadelholz; regio Primorsk: Larix ochotensis, Quercus mongolica; Sacchalin: Betula ermannii, Larix sp. (G. LANGER ibidem).
Ile de la Réunion, Maïdo: Nastus borbonicus (fide BOIDIN & GILLES 1986).
Israel: dry branch of Pistacia (fide BINYAMINI 1982).
Italy: Fagus sylvatica (fide MAEKAWA 1991a).
Japan: deciduous, Larix leptolepis, Pinus densiflora, Machilus thunbergi, Pinus densiflora, Pinus thunbergi, (fide MAEKAWA 1991a).
Canada; British Columbia: Picea glauca on white-rotten wood; Quebec: Picea sp., on white-rotten wood (fide MARTIN & GILBERTSON 1977).
Madagascar: Pinus patula (fide BOIDIN & GILLES 1986).
N-America: Abies balsamea, A. fraseri, Picea sp., Pinus resinosa, P. strobus, Pseudotsuga mucronata, Tsuga canadensis, Acer sp., Castanea dentata, Fagus grandifolia, Populus sp., Quercus sp. and on Erde (fide ROGERS 1943).
New Zealand: Dacrydium cupressinum, Pittosporum tenuifolium, Metrosideros robusta, Podocarpus ferrugineus, Nothofagus cliffortioides, Leptospermum ericoides; Auckland, Rangitoto Iceland: Coriaria arborea (fide CUNNINGHAM 1963).
Norway: Alnus, Betula, Picea (fide STRID 1975); Picea, Pinus (fide Aanstad & Ryvarden 1987); Åkershus: deciduous, Picea abies, Pinus sylvestris, on dead basidiocarps of Fomes fomentarius and Inonotus radiatus (G. LANGER ibidem).
Austria; Tirol: Picea abies (G. LANGER ibidem).
Sweden: Picea, Pinus (fide ERIKSSON 1958a); Halland: Picea abies (G. LANGER ibidem); Skåne: Alnus glutinosa (fide MAEKAWA 1991); Uppland: Pinus sylvestris (fide MAEKAWA 1991a); Västergötland: (fide HJORTSTAM 1978).
Scandinavia: rotten wood of deciduous and conifers (fide ERIKSSON & RYVARDEN 1973).
Spain: (fide HJORTSTAM et al. 1981); Betula sp., Castanea sativa, Corylus avellana, Eucalyptus globulus, Fagus sylvatica, Quercus petraea, Q. robur, Pinus radiata, P. sylvestris. (fide DUEÑAS & TELLERIA 1988).
Taiwan: Pinus taiwanensis (G. LANGER ibidem).
USA, Colorado: wood of conifers and deciduous, Pinus contorta, on white-rotten wood (fide LINDSEY 1988); Massachusetts: rotten wood, mostly of conifers.(fide Overholts 1934); Montana: Picea engelmannii auf white-rotten wood (fide MARTIN & GILBERTSON 1977); New York: Picea rubens auf white-rotten wood (fide MARTIN & GILBERTSON 1977); North Carolina: Acer- bark (G. LANGER ibidem); Pennsylvania: rotten wood, mostly of conifers (fide Overholts 1934); Tennessee and North Carolina: Picea rubens, Abies fraseri, Betula lutea (fide JUNG 1987).
Remarks
B. subcoronatum, the type species of Botryobasidium, could be understood as a complex of species or a sibling complex. This complex is delimited from other species of Botryobasidium by the characters of suburniforme basidia, navicular basidiospores, clamps constantly on all septa and also the lack of cystidia, chlamydospores and a Haplotrichum anamorph. The range of the basidia sizes within the various specimens is remarkable. Species with large basidia (20-30 µm long) are often found in Central Europe and North Europe. Species with small basidia (12- max. 20 µm long) are often collected in the Himalaya, in Costa Rica, USA, GUS, New Zealand and Maïdo. Mating tests show that there are maybe various siblings worldwide.
Look up references
examined Herbarium specimens
- GEL 761: Germany, Baden-Württemberg, Tübingen, Heubergertorweg, ca. 500 m alt., on the wood of Picea abies, 12.10.1988, leg. E. Langer. (GEL).
- GEL 2061: Austria, Tirol, Schattwald, Vils-Tal, Pfrontener Wald, Zwersberg, Picea abies/Abies alba-Wald, ca. 1000 m alt., on slightly rotten wood of Picea abies, 15.9.1989, leg. G. Langer. (GEL).
- GEL 2103: Germany, Baden-Württemberg, Nordschwarzwald, Würzbach, Bannwald Waldmoortorfstich, ca. 680 m alt., on Pinus sylvestris, 4.5.1990, leg. G. & E. Langer, K.-H. Rexer. (GEL).
- GEL 2112: Germany, Baden-Württemberg, Schönbuch, Bannwald Eisenbachhain, 470-490 m alt., on strong rotten brown-coloured beechwood, 10.9.1990, leg. G. Kost & K.-H. Rexer. (GEL).
- GEL 2114: Norway, Åkershus county, Nannestad, Tømte, ca. 300 m alt., on wood of Picea abies, 18.9.1990, leg. Maria Nuñez. (GEL).
- GEL 2152b: Norway, Åkershus county, Nannestad, Tømte, ca. 300 m alt., on wood of Pinus sylvestris (together with Tomentella sp. and Trechispora sp.), 19.9.1990, leg. N. Hallenberg. (GEL).
- GEL 2160: Norway, Åkershus county, Nannestad, Gardemoen airfield, Ravine, ca 200 m alt., auf Fruchtkörper von Inonotus radiatus, 20.9.1990, leg. R. Ryvarden. (GEL).
- GEL 2161: Norway, Åkershus county, Nannestad, Tømte, ca. 300 m alt., auf Fruchtkörper von Fomes fomentarius, 18.9.1990, leg. L. Ryvarden. (GEL).
- GEL 2164: Norway, Åkershus county, Nannestad, Gardemoen airfield, Ravine, ca. 200 m alt., on deciduous wood, 20.9.1990, leg. G. & E. Langer.
- GEL 2195: Norway, Åkershus county, Nannestad, Gardemoen airfield, Ravine, ca. 200 m alt., om wood of Picea abies , 20.9.1990, leg. G. & E. Langer. (GEL).
- GEL 2213: Germany, Baden-Württemberg, Langenau, Engelenhain, ca. 550 m alt., on Picea abies-Altholz, leg. G. & E. Langer 13.3.1991. (GEL).
- GEL 2273: Germany, Bayern, Oberallgäu, Unterjoch, Pfeiffermühle, ca. 1000 m alt., on decaying wood von Alnus glutinosa, leg. G. & E. Langer 16.9.1991. (GEL).
- GEL 2275: Germany, Bayern, Oberallgäu, Unterjoch, Pfeiffermühle, ca. 1000 m alt., on decaying wood von Picea abies, leg. G. & E. Langer 16.9.1991. (GEL).
- GEL 2276: Germany, Bayern, Oberallgäu, Unterjoch, Pfeiffermühle, ca. 1000 m alt., on decaying wood von Picea abies, leg. G. & E. Langer 16.9.1991. (GEL).
- GEL 2280: Germany, Bayern, Oberallgäu, Unterjoch, Pfeiffermühle, ca. 1000 m alt., on decaying wood von Picea abies, leg. G. & E. Langer 16.9.1991. (GEL).
- GEL 2286: Germany, Bayern, Oberallgäu, Unterjoch, Pfeiffermühle, ca. 1000 m alt., on decaying wood von Picea abies, leg. G. & E. Langer 17.9.1991. (GEL).
- GEL 2292: Germany, Bayern, Oberallgäu, Unterjoch, Pfeiffermühle, ca. 1000 m alt., on decaying wood von Picea abies, leg. G. & E. Langer 17.9.1991. (GEL).
- GEL 2295: Germany, Bayern, Oberallgäu, Unterjoch, Pfeiffermühle, ca. 1000 m alt., on decaying wood von Picea abies, leg. G. & E. Langer 17.9.1991. (GEL).
- GEL 2305: Germany, Bayern, Oberallgäu, Oberjoch, Kematsrieder-Moos, ca. 1100 m alt., on decaying wood von Pinus mugo, leg. G. & E. Langer 18.9.1991. (GEL).
- GEL 2306: Germany, Bayern, Oberallgäu, Oberjoch, Kematsrieder-Moos, ca. 1100 m alt., on decaying wood von Pinus mugo, leg. G. & E. Langer 18.9.1991. (GEL).
- GEL 2398: Germany, Bayern, Oberallgäu, Unterjoch, old bog close to Krumbach near the Austrian borderline, ca. 1100 m alt., on strong brown-roted wood of Picea abies, leg. G. & E. Langer 23.9.1991. (GEL).
- GEL 2399: Germany, Bayern, Oberallgäu, Unterjoch, old bog close to Krumbach near the Austrian borderline ca. 1100 m alt., on strong brown-rotten wood of Picea abies, leg. G. & E. Langer 23.9.1991. (GEL).
- GEL 2412: Germany, Bayern, Oberallgäu, Unterjoch, old bog close to Krumbach near the Austrian borderline, ca. 1100 m alt., on strong brown-rotten wood of Picea abies, leg. G. & E. Langer 23.9.1991. (GEL).
- GEL 2624: Germany, Baden-Württemberg, Langenau, Engelenhain, ca. 550 m alt., on white-rotten wood of Picea abies leg. G. & E. Langer 30.6.1992. (GEL).
- GEL 2635: Germany, Baden-Württemberg, Langenau, Engelenhain, ca. 550 m alt., on white-rotten wood of Picea abies, leg. G. & E. Langer 30.6.1992. (GEL).
- GEL 2660: Germany, Baden-Württemberg, Bad Waldsee, on Picea abies-Altholz, leg. G. & E. Langer 24.11.1992. (GEL).
- GB 1286 = NH 8656: Sweden, Halland, leg. et det. N. Hallenberg. (GB).
- FO 41059: Taiwan, Provinz Nantou, north-east of Puli, Hui-Sun Recreation Area, way beside the area of a former forest fire, ca. 600-800 m alt., on bark of Pinus taiwanensis, 9.4.1989, leg. F. Oberwinkler, G. & E. Langer.
- FO 41269: USA, North Carolina, Macon County, Highlands, Biological Station, 1300 m, on Acer- bark, leg. F. Oberwinkler, 29.08.1989. (FO).
- RB 2489: Costa Rica, San Ramon, reservat forestal, forest path north-west of the station, on wood, leg. R. Berndt, 13.3.1991. (GEL).
- TAA 1013: former UDSSR, on conifers wood, leg. M. A. Bondarzev, 15.09.1967. (GEL).
- TAA 47170: former UDSSR, Sacchalin, Tymoosk, on Betula ermanii, leg. L. Järva, 27.08.1974. (GEL).
- TAA 52571: former UDSSR, region Primorsk, Distr. Ternei, reservat Sichote-Alinicum, Maisa; on Larix ochotensis, leg. E. Parmasto, 11.09.1967. (GEL).
- TAA 52836a: former UDSSR, region Primorsk, Distr. Ternei, reservat Sichote-Alinicum, Charnov Kljutch, on Quercus mongolica, leg. Erast Parmasto.
- TAA 52840: former UDSSR, region Primorsk, Distr. Ternei, reservat Sichote-Alinicum, Charnov Kljutch, on Quercus mongolica, leg. Erast Parmasto, 19.09.1976. (GEL).
- TAA 61765: former UDSSR, Sacchalin, Montes Sumenai, on Larix sp., leg. B. Kullmann & A. Raitviir, 20.08.1970. (GEL).
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Dr. Ewald Langer - 22. Aug. 1995
gelanger@mailserv.zdv.uni-tuebingen.de